Regeneration of adventitious shoots from mature stored cotyledons of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lind1)

Adventitious shoot regeneration from mature stored cotyledons of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lind1) was achieved in vitro. The influences of the presence and absence of the light, different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzyladenine (BA) in the culture media, TDZ pretreatments and different basal salts on shoot regeneration were evaluated. TDZ was more effective in inducing shoot regeneration from mature stored cotyledons than BA. Dark incubation significantly increased the regeneration frequencies. Quoirin/Lepoivre (QL) basal salts stimulated shoot regeneration more than woody plant (WPM) or B5 salts did. The frequency of adventitious shoot formation varied among the varieties and the regeneration ability appeared to be genotype depended. The frequency of regeneration under the optimum tested conditions for ‘Bruce’, ‘Shiro’, ‘Redheart’, ‘Gladstone’ and ‘Early Golden’ cotyledons were 66.7%, 46.7%, 43.3%, 26.7% and 6.7%, respectively.     

甜菜遗传单粒型多倍体杂交种九甜单一号的选育

九甜单一号系采用单粒二倍体雄不育系九三ＭＳＡ－１为母本，多粒四倍体授粉系ＧＷ６５－３为父本配制而成的遗传单位型多倍体杂交种。经生产试验鉴定，其稚产量、含糖率、产糖量分别比对照品种甜研３０１提高１６．５％、０．６８度、２１．４５％。该品种丰产性突出、含糖率稳定、抗病性强，适宜大面积机械化精量点播和纸筒有苗移栽，属丰产型甜菜品种。     

8804果实和干红葡萄酒香气成分的GC/MS分析

为进一步明确8804新品系果实和干红葡萄酒的香气特点,采用液-液萃取法提取8804葡萄果实和干红葡萄酒中的香气成分,应用色谱面积归一法测定各成分的相对含量。结果表明,8804葡萄果实中共鉴定出29种挥发性化合物,相对含量排在前5位的分别为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(17.77%)、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(8.25%)、2-呋喃甲醛(7.10%)、2,6-二甲基-3,7-辛二烯-2,6-二醇(5.53%)、油酸(4.50%);干红葡萄酒中共鉴定出31种挥发性化合物,相对含量排在前5位的分别为苯乙醇(26.78%)、2-甲基-四氢噻吩(12.04%)、辛酸乙酯(7.02%)、1,3-丁二醇(5.20%)、己酸乙酯(4.55%)。     

UPLC/MS/MS法测定番茄中盐酸吗啉胍残留量

采用三氯乙酸提取,HLB固相萃取柱净化,建立了番茄中盐酸吗啉胍残留量的UPLC/MS/MS测定方法。添加盐酸吗啉胍质量分数为0.005、0.05 mg.kg-1,平均回收率分别为77.7%和86.7%,相对标准偏差分别为8.1%和6.3%,定量限为0.005 mg.kg-1。     

气相色谱质谱法分析荞麦蜂花粉中脂肪酸成分

[目的]分析测定荞麦蜂花粉中的脂肪酸成分。[方法]分别采用索氏抽提法和酸水解法提取荞麦蜂花粉脂肪酸,再经过甲酯化处理后,通过气相色谱/质谱联用技术分析脂肪酸的组成。[结果]两种提取方法的脂肪酸收率分别为8.26%和8.81%,共检出11种脂肪酸成分,含量最高的是5,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸,两种提取方法得到的结果分别为29.45%和38.15%,其余主要成分为棕榈酸、亚油酸、油酸和二十碳三烯酸。[结论]荞麦蜂花粉中富含ω-3家族的二十碳多不饱和脂肪酸,明显不同于文献报道的荞麦种子油脂肪酸成分,其是否与荞麦蜂花粉所具有的生理活性功能相关,值得深入研究。     

鱿鱼肝脏鱼油的制备及其脂肪酸组成分析

系统地研究了从鱿鱼肝脏中提取油脂与精炼鱼油的方法,并对其理化性质及脂肪酸组成进行了分析。结果表明:精炼后的鱿鱼油澄清透明,略显淡黄色,并有淡淡的鱼腥味,其各项指标均符合SC/T3502-2000鱼油一级标准;应用气相色谱/质谱法分析了鱿鱼油的脂肪酸组成,精炼鱿鱼油中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的含量较高(36.5%),其中C20∶5(EPA)和C22∶6(DHA)的含量分别为13.1%和20.3%。     

Comparisons of Three Recurrent Selection Methods in the Improvement of Maize Populations

The maize population Csyn 4 was improved for three cycles with three recurrent selection methods MS1, MS1-HS, and MHSRRS in northern China. A total of 40 NC Ⅱ testcrosses were made by four testers with Csyn 4 and 10 improved populations, which were evaluated in four environments in the cropping season of 2005. Analysis of variance indicated a significant progress （P〈 0.05） in yield and other chief agronomic traits in the improved populations and testcrosses, demonstrating that the three recurrent selection methods were effective for increasing grain yield of testcrosses and improvement of general combining ability in maize population. The average grain yield increase of population Csyn 4 in MS1, MS1-HS, and MHSRRS recurrent selections was 266.7 kg ha^-1 （5.3%）, 288.0 kg ha^-1 （5.7%）, and 231.3 kg ha^-1 （4.6%） per cycle, while the grain yield of S 1 progeny of population for Csyn 4 was increased by 420.0 kg ha^-1 （10.9%）, 376.0 kg ha^-1 （9.8%）, and 414.7 kg ha^-1 （10.8%） per cycle in MS1, MS1-HS, and MHSRRS recurrent selections, respectively. Linear responses （b） in the MS1, MS1-HS, and MHSRRS recurrent selections were the same as the realized responses of the selection （G） for grain yield increase of Csyn 4 and S1 progeny of the populations. The grain yield of testcrosses increased by 3.3-5.2% on average per cycle. The value of heterosis did not display any differences amongst the different cycles of selections. The GCA for yield component traits of population Csyn 4 was improved significantly by means of three selection methods, whereas the GCA for plant height, ear height, days to silking, and days to pollen did not show significant increase in the recurrent selections. GCA for the number of tassel branches were decreased in the selections, while GCA for the number of plant leaves were increased, but the difference was not significant.     

蜡梅花香及花色色素成分的初步研究

采用顶空固相微萃取吸附6个蜡梅基因型鲜花的香气成分,用色谱/质谱联用仪分析鉴定。结果共检出45个成分,其中鉴定了37个,只有18个共同出现在6个样品中。帖烯在花香中起主导作用,其中反式β-罗勒烯和芳樟醇的含量丰富,另外苯环型化合物乙酸苄酯也在花香成分中占有大的比重。但是各个主要组分在不同的基因型中相对含量差异很大,结果表明不同蜡梅基因型的花香成分存在质和量的变化。此外,选取在颜色表现性状上具有代表性的蜡梅中、内被片,通过一系列的颜色反应和紫外-可见光光度计在200~600nm范围内的扫描光谱分析。结果表明:蜡梅花色色素主要是黄酮类化合物,含有橙酮或/和查耳酮、二氢黄酮或/和二氢黄酮醇及具有邻二酚羟基的黄酮类物质,可能含有黄酮、黄酮醇、异黄酮;杏黄色和黄绿色的花被片(包括中被片和内被片)中还含有微量的叶绿素a,而其他色泽的花被片中不含有叶绿素a;乔种和红心类蜡梅的内被片中还含有花色素及其苷类,且颜色的深浅与其花色素及苷类的含量呈正相关。     

披针叶黄华生物碱成分研究

采用 GC- MS联用分析技术从披针叶黄华总生物碱中分离鉴定出 12个喹喏里西啶生物碱 ,即无叶豆碱 ,N-甲基金雀花碱 ,金雀花碱 ,白羽扇豆碱 ,黄华碱 ,臭豆碱 ,N-甲醛基金雀花碱 ,Dodecahydro- 7,14 -methanodipyrido[1,2 - a:1′,2′- E][1.5 ]diazocine,Pyridine1- acetyl- 1,2 ,3,4 - tetrahydro- 5 - (2 - piperdinyl) ,7,14 -Methano- 2 H,6 H- dipyrido[1,2 - a:1′,2′- e][1,5 ]diaz,1,1- Dim ethyl- 3- (2 - nitrophenyl) ,7,14 - Methano- 4 H,6 H-dipyrido[1,2 - a:1′,2′- e][1,5 ]diaz。后 5种化合物为首次从该植物中鉴定